Just as David became king and provided for a new temple, linking king and temple in a theological nexus that would become the model for Judas Maccabeus in BC, Jesus was declaring his kingship and provision for a new temple-people.
Jesus sets a precedent for how he will deploy Psalm 22 in a polemical sense. Surrounded by the high priest and the whole Council Mt. Jesus was not simply making a bid on a prophecy. He was, rather, demanding a bold and radical re-interpretation of the entire situation. Jesus either quoted Scripture verbally or enacted it physically, like in his triumphal entry into Jerusalem, when he deliberately looked for a donkey and her colt to fulfill the vision of the Davidic messiah in Zechariah He was the mastermind, actively enacting some details and drawing other elements into his service by verbal allusion, which repositioned entire scenes, characters, and movements into his own narrative.
His was the power to define, and redefine. In Matthew, Jesus appears to quote Psalm not primarily to express his own emotional state see below , but rather to respond to his detractors arraigned against him as he hung on the cross. The criminals crucified on either side of him are particularly worthy of note because in Matthew and Mark, they are united in their unbelief and mockery, whereas in Luke, they are divided. In John, they do not appear in the narrative. If you are the Son of God, come down from the cross.
He is the King of Israel; let him now come down from the cross, and we will believe in him. Crucifixion was a punishment designed to socially humiliate the victim and scare onlookers into obedience. There are three titles used here, which are presented by Matthew as identical in meaning. The chief priests, scribes, and elders, along with the Jewish passersby, and even the two criminals crucified alongside Jesus, taunted him.
They believed that the messiah, the greater David, could not possibly be subjected to suffering at the hands of Gentiles like this. By contrast, Jesus was reminding them that king David, in his pre-enthronement period, was exposed to great danger in his early life, too.
Jesus seems to have seized upon the callous and mercenary treatment shown to him by the Roman soldiers, and made it serve his own purpose. David in Psalm — 18 lamented in poetic voice:. He had been driven from his own home into the wilderness, sometimes into the territories of Gentile warlords.
Nevertheless, I think the conceptual link to the ear-piercing rite of Exodus 21 is present, even though the direct semantic link is absent. David had been forced to serve foreign households for longer than six years, unable to win his freedom and peace in the seventh year, in an ironic twist on the ear-piercing ceremony of the Hebrew bondslave Ex. David placed himself not in the place of a voluntary bondslave who has his ear pierced against the doorframe of a household he had gladly chosen, but in the place of a terrified man whose hands and feet had been pierced against the doorframe of a household which he had not chosen.
By saying he could count all his bones, David meant he had become gaunt with hunger. How did Jesus heal the brokenhearted? What God says about tears? What does Bible say about a broken heart? Does a broken heart ever heal? How long does it take to forget your ex? How do you stop missing your ex? Is it normal to still miss your ex after 2 years? Why I keep missing my ex? How do you know if your ex still loves? On these two commandments depend all the Law and the Prophets. Yeshua echoed Deuteronomy and Leviticus The heart of the matter is that Yeshua upheld the commands of the Torah and challenged those who listened to a deeper kind of love—the kind that he would soon show through his sacrifice.
The chapter is really about the identity of Yeshua he claimed to be the light of the world , and he used Deuteronomy to highlight that his claim is true. Whoever follows me will not walk in darkness, but will have the light of life. I am the one who bears witness about myself, and the Father who sent me bears witness about me.
On the evidence of two or three witnesses, the one who is to die shall be put to death; a person shall not be put to death on the evidence of one witness. Deuteronomy , Deuteronomy While the Torah instructed the people what to do, their obedience to the Law continually fell short. So, the prophets reminded Israel of the Torah and called them to repentance.
They provided visions of what would happen to the nation in the future—judgment for sin but hope for the future if the people returned to God. And the scroll of the prophet Isaiah was given to him. Today this Scripture has been fulfilled in your hearing. Luke , Isaiah And he did not just say this, he acted in a way that reflected his character. When Yeshua was confronted by some who wondered why he eats with the lowly and despised of society, his response in Matthew was taken from the prophet Hosea, and he applied it to himself.
Later, in Matthew , he cited the same passage in connection with criticism that his disciples were plucking grain on the Sabbath. In Matthew 10 , some may falsely see Yeshua as encouraging family turmoil —unless one recognizes that he is quoting from the prophet Micah For I have come to set a man against his father, and a daughter against her mother, and a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law.
John the Baptist was the forerunner of Jesus. Yeshua quoted from the prophet Malachi to indicate that John was a messenger who prepared the way for the Lord. But here it is no more than an undertone; the focus is on exactly who John is, given the fact that crowds came out to hear him preach:. And the Lord whom you seek will suddenly come to his temple; and the messenger of the covenant in whom you delight, behold, he is coming, says the Lord of hosts.
Malachi The point of parables, while often unstated, is understood by the disciples of a rabbi. Yeshua applied that same message to the people of his day. Many of them heard the words of Jesus but did not grasp their import, which was designed to lead them to repentance:. Yeshua was not against traditions. Jesus speaks with His disciples about the one who is going to betray Him, Judas Iscariot. This is an interesting moment because Jesus shows us that He understands His life through Scripture.
Jesus knew that the entire Bible was about Him. And verse 39 is the last verse in this lament. He recently managed article content for Unlocking the Bible. He has taught college classes on literature, rhetoric, and composition.
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